Unequal pay starts in childhood. Girls do more chores than boys, research shows, but earn less allowance, setting a pattern for adulthood.

One recent analysis, for example, found that boys ages 15 to 19 do about half an hour of housework a day, and girls about 45 minutes.

Achieving equality, researchers argue, will require not only preparing girls for paid work but also teaching boys to do unpaid work.

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